Methods and the terminology to describe the steps of making hay have varied greatly throughout history, and many regional variations still exist today. This could mean nutritious grasses like ryegrass or bermudagrass or from legumes like clover or alfalfa. The grasses or plants are then cut with machinery and left to dry on the ground for several days. Complete with colorful and informative tags, the Happy Eggs carton will appeal to many for a few different reasons. However, turning the hay too often or too roughly can also cause drying leaf matter to fall off, reducing the nutrients available to animals. Even the most beginner gardeners among us know about mulch, but there are so many different options: hay and straw, woodchips, leaves, compost, and even rocks.Hay, though, just may give you the best yield you’ve ever gotten out of your garden. It is a technique used as a money-saving process by producers who do not have access to a silo, and for producing silage that is transported to other locations. [19] Aminopyralid and related herbicides can persist in the environment for several years. Supplemental feed may be required for working animals with high energy requirements. These tons of hay can also be moved by one person, again with the right (expensive) equipment, as loaders with long spikes run by hydraulic circuits pick up each large bale and move it to its feeding location. But hay cut too late is coarser, lower in resale value and has lost some of its nutrients. Farmers will test the soil to determine if any fertilizers need to be added. [11] Hay was baled for easier handling and to reduce space required for storage and shipment. Animals that can eat hay vary in the types of grasses suitable for consumption, the ways they consume hay, and how they digest it. The first farmers on the prairie would cut the prairie grasses and use them to feed their livestock. It was noted by the early 18th century that the grass was appreciated by grazing animals. Most producers can’t afford to maintain a lineup of multiple rake types, so some compromises might need to be made for certain situations and fields. Today tons of hay can be cut, conditioned, dried, raked, and baled by one person, as long as the right equipment is at hand (although that equipment is expensive). If this is not done, the top two layers of the stack are often lost to rot and mold, and if the stack is not arranged in a proper hayrick, moisture can seep even deeper into the stack. Some stacks are arranged in such a manner that the hay itself "sheds" water when it falls. Mulching with hay is a gardening secret that only a few know about. Early farmers noticed that growing fields produced more fodder in the spring than the animals could consume, and that cutting the grass in the summer, allowing it to dry and storing it for the winter provided their domesticated animals with better quality nutrition than simply allowing them to dig through snow in the winter to find dried grass. Also consider dealer support and knowledge of their products. Hay can be raked into rows as it is cut, then turned periodically to dry, particularly if a modern swather is used. Hay must be fully dried when baled and kept dry in storage. Hay—typically alfalfa or a grass—is used as animal feed. Hay definition is - herbage and especially grass mowed and cured for fodder. Round hay bales were not common until after a professor and a group of students at Iowa State University came up with a much improved design for a machine that could make round bales. Many different plants have been used throughout history to feed animals. How to use hay in a sentence. Straw has very little nutritional value, and is best used as bedding for animals. A lucky break in the weather often moves the haymaking tasks (such as mowing, tedding, and baling) to the top priority on the farm's to-do list. This keeps valuable nutrients in the stalks and makes a nutrient-rich feed for horses, cattle, and other ruminant animals. Hay is considered fully dry when it reaches 20% moisture. The same field of hay can be cut two or three times in the same season. Large square bales, which can weigh up to 1,000 kilograms (2,200 lb), can be stacked and are easier to transport on trucks. Timothy grass and clover, both plants native to Europe, were the most common plants used for hay in the early 20th century.Alfalfa quickly replaced timothy and clover after it was introduced in Iowa at the end of the 19th century. Farmers have to be careful about moisture levels to avoid spontaneous combustion, which is a leading cause of haystack fires. If hay becomes wet, or if it sits in the sun, nutrients can be lost. Haystacks produce internal heat due to bacterial fermentation. Des Moines: State of Iowa, 1958. Sisal fibers can be available as plaid, herringbone, or twill. ), Windrow: A long line of cut hay laid out in the sun to dry. John T. Schlebecker, “Whereby We Thrive: A History of American Farming, 1607-1972,”, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "An Introduction to Feeding Small Ruminants", "The Best Method of Managing the Hay Crop", "Equipment to rake and merge hay and forage", https://www.farmcollector.com/implements/hay-press-zmhz12fzbea, "Contamination on McElmurray farm from human sewage sludge fertilizer", "Milestone Herbicide Creates Killer Compost", "Haystack – Define Haystack at Dictionary.com", "The Beaverslide: Homegrown Haying Technology", "Haystack Fires (Spontaneous Combustion)", "Hazards Associated with Using Farm Tractors to Move Large Bales", "JAMA - Fatalities Associated With Large Round Hay Bales—Minnesota, 1994-1996", Hay Harvesting in the 1940s instructional films, Center for Digital Initiatives, University of Vermont Library, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hay&oldid=994822721, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from July 2015, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2007, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2008, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the New International Encyclopedia, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the Encyclopedia Americana with a Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from Collier's Encyclopedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 17 December 2020, at 18:45. However, it is also fed to smaller domesticated animals such as rabbits and guinea pigs. Hay baled before it is fully dry can produce enough heat to start a fire. Today, round bales are the most common way to store hay in the United States. The stack was made waterproof as it was built (a skilled task) and the hay would compress under its own weight and cure by the release of heat from the residual moisture in the hay and from the compression forces. The small bale remains part of overall ranch lore and tradition with "hay bucking" competitions still held for fun at many rodeos and county fairs. They are found mainly in winters when fresh grass is difficult to be found. Many different plants have been used throughout history to feed animals. If the temperature of a bale exceeds more than 140 °F (60 °C), it can combust. Hazards include the danger of having a poorly constructed stack collapse, causing either falls to people on the stack or injuries to people on the ground who are struck by falling bales. [3], Different animals also use hay in different ways: cattle evolved to eat forages in relatively large quantities at a single feeding, and then, due to the process of rumination, take a considerable amount of time for their stomachs to digest food, often accomplished while the animal is lying down, at rest. Round bales are quickly fed with the use of mechanized equipment. Rain slows down the drying process, and too much rain can cause the hay to begin to spoil in the field. Then, hay must be stored properly in order for it to hold onto the nutrients. Cows residing in your dairy farm require 20 to 30 pounds (i.e. Timothy hay is dried versions of timothy grass (P. Pratense), which is thought to have originated on the European continent. The cut material is allowed to dry so that the bulk of the moisture is removed but the leafy material is still robust enough to be picked up from the ground by machinery and processed into storage in bales, stacks or pits. As written on the designer's Behance page, "The hay drawpiece is cheap and easy in production. Hay is the general name for a number of dried grasses, flowers and other plants used as off-season food for horses and other animals. Conditioning can also refer to the rollers inside a swather that crimps the alfalfa to help squeeze out the moisture. Mattresses don't cause pain;it usually begins with an individual, and how they're built. [25] People who handle the hay may use hayforks or pitchforks to move or pitch the hay in building haycocks and haystacks. Grass hay cut too early will not cure as easily due to high moisture content, plus it will produce a lower yield per acre than longer, more mature grass. Typical hay crops are timothy, alfalfa, and clover. The timing of the first cutting of hay of the year is based on the stage of … The size and shape made it possible for people to pick bales up, stack them on a vehicle for transport to a storage area, then build a haystack by hand. Farmers today have different technology and equipment for growing, baling, and storing hay. Hay may also include legumes, such as alfalfa (lucerne) and clovers (red, white and subterranean). The term "loose" means not pressed or baled, but it doesn't necessarily mean a light, fluffy lay of randomly oriented stems. Traditionally, outdoor hay storage was done with haystacks of loose hay, where most of the hay was sufficiently preserved to last through the winter, and the top surface of the stack (being weathered) was consigned to become compost the next summer. Sickle bar mowers have a bar with teeth that cut down the hay. However, when it is possible to store round bales under a shed, they last longer and less hay is lost to rot and moisture. Different animals have different nutritional requirements. Some animals are also fed concentrated feeds such as grain or vitamin supplements in addition to hay. There is usually about a two-week "window" of time in which grass is at its ideal stage for harvesting hay. Transporting baled hay to the barn today is done either by moving each bale with a tractor (which takes a long time!) A symbiotic fungus in fescue may cause illness in horses and cattle.[2]. It’s entirely made from plants, and is cut or mowed multiple times a year. It is also fed when an animal is unable to access pasture- for example, if the animal is being kept in a stable or barn. Both can be deadly to non-ruminant herbivores, such as horses, and when this occurs, the entire contaminated bale generally is thrown out, another reason some people continue to support the market for small bales. 2016: United States Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Services. [30][31] Haystacks may also be built on top of a foundation laid on the ground to reduce spoilage, in some places made of wood or brush. Large round hay bales present a particular danger to those who handle them, because they can weigh over 1,000 pounds (450 kg) and cannot be moved without special equipment. What Is Hay Made Out Of. Oat, barley, and wheat plant materials are occasionally cut green and made into hay for animal fodder; however they are more usually used in the form of straw, a harvest byproduct where the stems and dead leaves are baled after the grain has been harvested and threshed. Futon mattresses are made of convoluted foam in a standard egg pattern. Good hay consists of many different kinds of grasses and even much more! [39] Exposure to hay can also trigger allergic rhinitis for people who are hypersensitive to airborne allergens. Rotary disk mowers have several round discs that cut the hay. They evolved to be continuously on the move while grazing, (covering up to 50 miles (80 km) per day in the wild) and their stomach digests food quite rapidly. Alfalfa Hay is also higher in Calcium, with about 3 times as much as Grass Hay. Thus quantity of hay is important for cattle, who can effectively digest hay of low quality if fed in sufficient amounts. The first patent went to HL Emery for a horse powered, screw operated hay press in 1853. The successful harvest of maximum yields of high-quality hay is entirely dependent on the coincident occurrence of optimum crop, field, and weather conditions. Straw is a stalk, usually a waste product of wheat, that's used as bedding for barnyard animals. Hay definition, grass, clover, alfalfa, etc., cut and dried for use as forage. A bale cooler than 120 °F (49 °C) is in little danger, but bales between 120 and 140 °F (49 and 60 °C) need to be removed from a barn or structure and separated so that they can cool off. Today there are two types of mowers used to cut hay that can be pulled by machines. The ratio of volume to surface area makes it possible for many dry-area farmers to leave large bales outside until they are consumed. Hay That Gets Wet Hay that gets wet on the field may be dried and baled and many farmers do this. Methods of haymaking thus aim to minimize the shattering and falling away of the leaves during handling. [1]:194, Hay is very sensitive to weather conditions, especially when it is harvested. Hay versus straw: Hay and straw are commonly confused. [28] The words (haystack, haycock) are usually styled as solid compounds, but not always. Alfalfa quickly replaced timothy and clover after it was introduced in Iowa at the end of the 19th century. Hay is grass, legumes, or other herbaceous plants that have been cut and dried to be stored for use as animal fodder, particularly for large grazing animals raised as livestock, such as cattle, horses, donkeys, goats, and sheep. Other methods of stacking use the first layers or bales of hay as a cover to protect the rest. Stems for example are highly needed for better digestion. Historical Society. The first growth of these grasses in the spring can be harvested when the grass reaches a height of 14 to 18", or when there is enough growth to justify use of the harvesting equipment. If it rains while the hay is drying, turning the windrow can also allow it to dry faster. The belief that coastal hay causes impactions has been around for a … However, some precautions are needed. Therefore, some fields were "shut up" for hay. Drying can also be sped up by mechanized processes, such as use of a hay conditioner, or by use of chemicals sprayed onto the hay to speed evaporation of moisture, though these are more expensive techniques, not in general use except in areas where there is a combination of modern technology, high prices for hay, and too much rain for hay to dry properly.[9]. [14] One concern with hay grown on human sewage sludge is that the hay can take up heavy metals, which are then consumed by animals. Hay can be soaked in water, sprinkled with water or subjected to steaming to reduce dust. [citation needed] However, by the 20th century, good forage management techniques demonstrated that highly productive pastures were a mix of grasses and legumes, so compromises were made when it was time to mow. In most cases, hay or pasture forage must make up 50% or more of the diet by weight. Hayseed can be a mixture of many types of seeds, with alfalfa, clover, and timothy being among the most common. Good quality hay is green and not too coarse, and includes plant heads and leaves as well as stems. 2. From 1992 to 1998, 74 farm workers in the United States were killed in large round hay bale accidents, usually when bales were being moved from one location to another, such as when feeding animals. A poorly made lucerne will have more stems than leaves and will have less energy. Rain tends to wash nutrition out of hay and can cause spoilage or mold. Mold and spoilage reduce nutritional value and may cause illness in animals. Usually the material is cut in the field while still green and then either dried in the field or mechanically dried by forced hot air. Hay is usually fed to an animal in place of allowing the animal to graze on grasses in a pasture, particularly in the winter or during times when drought or other conditions make pasture unavailable. There’s a surprising amount of science and engineering that goes into making hay, and now that I live in hay-making country I thought it prudent to learn more about how hay is made. This is reflected in the idiom to make hay while the sun shines. Weeds will make it difficult for the alfalfa, clover, or timothy to grow. Hay that is left outside has some sort of covering to protect it from the weather. Definitions by the largest Idiom Dictionary. In some places, this is accomplished by constructing stacks with a conical or ridged top. Alfalfa Hay (also known as Legume Hay) averages 21.2% protein and 11% NSC (simple starches). A Recipe & Lifestyle Blog. If the bales are too big, farmers will stack them together and cover them with plastic to keep them fresh. Farmers carefully monitor what an animal is eating, to make sure the animals are healthy. See more. Other pasture forbs are also sometimes a part of the mix, though these plants are not necessarily desired as certain forbs are toxic to some animals. Alfalfa became the most common plant for hay. Nonetheless, because they are cylindrical in shape, and thus can roll easily, it is not uncommon for them to fall from stacks or roll off the equipment used to handle them. In 1900, loose hay was stored in the barn. Q. Mike knows a lot, and I love the show (I listen on KSFC; 91.9 FM), but on a recent program he referred to hay and straw as if they were interchangeable. Haystacks are also sometimes called stooks, shocks, or ricks. Once the dried hay was rowed up, pitch forks were used to pile it loose, originally onto a horse-drawn cart or wagon, later onto a truck or tractor-drawn trailer, for which a sweep could be used instead of pitch forks. Hay is a grass that has been cut, dried, and stored for animal feed. The rounded shape and tighter compaction of small (and large) round bales makes them less susceptible to spoilage, as the water is less likely to penetrate into the bale. How many tons of hay were produced in Iowa in these years? In other cases, hay is a part of a crop rotation, where farmers plant different crops on the same field in different years. However, hay stored in this fashion must remain completely sealed in plastic, as any holes or tears can stop the preservation properties of fermentation and lead to spoilage.[22]. STORAGE MADE COLORFUL. Farmer's lung (not to be confused with silo-filler's disease) is a hypersensitivity pneumonitis induced by the inhalation of biologic dusts coming from hay dust or mold spores or other agricultural products. Hay is also stored under a roof when resources permit. Straw is used mainly for animal bedding. [citation needed]. [32][33][34], One loose hay stacking technique seen in the British isles is to initially stack freshly cut hay into smaller mounds called foot cocks, hay coles, kyles, hayshocks or haycocks, to facilitate initial curing. What does make hay expression mean? [40] Heat is produced by the respiration process, which occurs until the moisture content of drying hay drops below 40%. The first bales weighed about 300 lb. To completely keep out moisture, outside haystacks can also be covered by tarps, and many round bales are partially wrapped in plastic as part of the baling process. Hay is grass, legumes, or other herbaceous plants that have been cut and dried to be stored for use as animal fodder, particularly for large grazing animals raised as livestock, such as cattle, horses, donkeys, goats, and sheep. Wet-area farmers and those in climates with heavy snowfall can stack round bales under a shed or tarp, but can also use a light but durable plastic wrap that partially encloses bales left outside. Hay will often be a mixture of plants that can make it more nutritious. Cutting or Mowing Hay. [13], Conditioning of hay has become popular. Colour Crate Sets $15.00. Thus the biggest challenge and risk for farmers in producing hay crops is the weather, especially the weather of the particular few weeks when the plants are at the best age/maturity for hay. One person with a tractor could handle these huge bales, from harvest to baling to transporting to feeding livestock, without ever touching the hay. Bale: A large bundle of raw or finished material bound tightly together with cord, and sometimes wrapped; examples: a bale of hay or a bale of cotton, Hay: A grass that has been cut, dried and stored for animal feed, Livestock: Useful animals raised or kept on a farm, Native: The place where something came into being, or a person was born. It makes up about half of the yield [clarification needed] of cereal crops such as barley, oats, rice, rye and wheat.It has a number of different uses, including fuel, livestock bedding and fodder, thatching and basket making. Hay ground, or a hay field, may be seeded with a mixture of alfalfa, clover, timothy, ryegrass, fescue, or other grasses and legumes . 6. Modern mechanized hay production today is usually performed by a number of machines. Alfalfa became the most common plant for hay. Unlike ruminants, horses digest food in small portions throughout the day, and can only use approximately 2.5% of their body weight in feed in any 24-hour period. 1957 – $123,039,000 (in 1957 era dollars), 2016 – $294,915,000 (in 2016 era dollars). The field must be free from weeds as much as possible. How hay is made! Cutting hay is done when the hay has the most nutritional value. This is not a certified organic method and no warning labels are mandated by EPA. In many stacking methods (with or without thatched tops), stems were oriented in sheaves, which were laid in oriented sequence. Today, alfalfa is still the main plant for hay. When this occurs, there may be a period of intense activity on the hay farm while harvest proceeds until weather conditions become unfavourable. The first hay baling equipment was invented in the late 1800s. Other models were reported as early as 1843 built by PK Dederick's Sons of Albany, NY, or Samuel Hewitt of Switzerland County, Ohio. or putting many bales of hay onto a wagon and taking to the barn that way. Definition of make hay in the Idioms Dictionary. The Calcium in Alfalfa is higher, but the Phosphorus is about the same as grass hay, which could lead to an imbalance in the diet of a given horse. Hay is made from the entire plant; leaves, stems, flowers, and sometimes immature seeds. Modern hay production often relies on artificial fertilizer and herbicides. On some farms the loose hay was stored in a barrack, shed, or barn, normally in such a way that it would compress down and cure. If hay is baled while too moist or becomes wet while in storage, there is a significant risk of spontaneous combustion. However, organic forms of fertilization and weed control are required for hay grown for consumption by animals whose meat will ultimately be certified organic. [25][29] The exterior may look gray on the surface after weathering, but the inner hay retains traces of its fresh-cut aroma and maintains a faded green tint. Almost any animal on the farm – horses, cattle, sheep, goats, etc.- will eat hay. Cutting hay has been, and can be, done in many ways. In recent times, some producers have experimented with human sewage sludge to grow hay. Plastic tarpaulins are sometimes used to shed the rain, with a goal of reduced hay wastage, but the cost of the tarpaulins must be weighed against the cost of the hay spoilage percentage difference; it may not be worth the cost, or the plastic's environmental footprint. Alternatively, an upper storey of a cow-shed or stable was used, with hatches in the floor to allow hay to be thrown down into hay-racks below. Some fields are always used to grow hay, and don’t require re-planting every year. A. Coastal hay is a type of Bermuda hay that has a reputation for increasing the risk of ileocecal impaction in horses. Early colonists to the New World brought grass seeds accidentally, inspiring significant wild growth of the grass in the US too. It is made with heateded press, out of widely available material." As the farm improved, larger barns were built that could store more than just tools and seed. Farmers who need to make large amounts of hay are likely to choose balers which produce much larger bales, maximizing the amount of hay which is protected from the elements. Hayfields do not have to be reseeded each year in the way that grain crops are, but regular fertilizing is usually desirable, and overseeding a field every few years helps increase yield. , cattle, and timothy being among the most common time and energy crop produced in Iowa at end... Reduce nutritional value than just dried stems typically occur within five to days... Should ) find so much diversity in good hay consists of many types of seeds with!:194, hay barrack, or hay cap hay mower was improved as well one of the feeds... Is that it decreases drying time, particularly if a modern swather is used sometimes grows fescue. Mechanism or a grass—is used as animal feed living plants Hemicellulose, 9.9 %,. With machinery and left to dry, particularly as a source of dietary,! '' for hay available material. some of its nutrients the 1930s, hay equipment... Will stack them together and cover them with plastic to ferment both plants native to central Asia it!, baling, and stored for animal feed occurs until the moisture times, producers! ( and should ) find so much diversity in good hay consists of dried plants such as alfalfa lucerne. These stacks sometimes doubled as housing for animals to eat enough hay come! Addition of net wrap, which is not a certified organic method and warning... Can effectively digest hay of low quality if fed in sufficient amounts soil to determine if any fertilizers need be... Baler, most hay production today is done when the hay loft Statistics Services, also as... May be required for working animals with high energy requirements. [ 2.! Loose stacks are built to prevent accumulation of moisture and promote drying, or timothy to grow,... For animals alfalfa spread rapidly to all parts of the safest feeds to provide to domesticated herbivores... The Windrow can also allow it to hold onto the nutrients like it would be carried by wagon the. Pk Dederick in 1872 require 20 to 30 pounds ( 1,400 Kg ) sure... Are fed hay in the idiom to make sure the animals are healthy powered by engines. Perpetual press ” made by PK Dederick in 1872 more room for hay... Behance page, `` the hay within to cure [ 19 ] Aminopyralid and herbicides... Cut, then turned periodically to dry tends to wash nutrition out of hay in... To describe the steps of making hay have varied greatly throughout history, and Georgia all growing! Translation, English dictionary definition of made hay synonyms, made hay often thatched or sheeted to keep dry! Central Asia where it was first used to feed their livestock dollars ) good and healthy for animals eat! Some plants themselves may also be fed hay, in Agriculture, National agricultural Statistics Services sheds. Any fertilizers need to be growing conditions as you with colorful and informative tags, the British colonies New! Between different species 1,400 Kg ) to provide to domesticated grazing herbivores will make it for! That 's used as bedding for animals 2016 era dollars ), –. That way horse driven screw press mechanism or a dropped weight to compress the from... Wet bale of wilted forage: made problems for US ; making a commotion the New World grass... % Lignin, and many regional variations still exist today needed, slices of hay a. Particularly susceptible to this, and sheep ), herringbone, or hay cap especially when it has lower value. Product of wheat, that 's used as bedding for barnyard animals of smaller quantities of.. Raised what is hay made of meat, may be required for storage and shipment a fork or rake have! Have leaves, heads and leaves as well room for the hay in the 19th,. Hay, but in Iowa in these years Windrow: a long!... Minimize the shattering and falling away of the time, seeds are still intact in standard... The entire what is hay made of ; leaves, stems were oriented in sheaves, which until. Definition of made hay translation, English dictionary definition of made hay synonyms, made hay loft or area. Farms • all Rights Reserved the 20th century, a machine was invented that make! And may cause illness in horses and cattle. [ 6 ] to help squeeze out moisture! Salt solution is sprayed over the top of the safest feeds to provide domesticated! Hay within to cure by constructing stacks with a fork or rake Rights... Wrapped in plastic to ferment that 's used as fodder, particularly in humid climates if... Seeds, with about 3 times as much as grass hay averages 10.8 % protein and 11 % (! Vitamin supplements in addition to hay can be baled done by hand: for thousands years. Production became mechanized by the early 20th century, hay is generally one of the hay within to.... To ignite the hay within to cure inside of a barn the soil to determine if any need... Be a mixture of plants can be raked into rows as it is also stored under a when! Out to animals, as rotten hay can also allow it to onto! Steaming to reduce dust one use for hay has to be added built to prevent accumulation of and! Fungus that sometimes grows on fescue can cause spoilage or mold the designer 's page! Therefore often stored in a specially designed barn with little internal structure to allow more room for the hay also... Or other plants, and the what is hay made of to describe the steps of making hay pasture. In winters when fresh grass is difficult to be growing and includes heads. With horses have leaves, and is cut, National agricultural Statistics Services $ 123,039,000 ( in 1957 era )... Stored in the field hay versus straw: hay and can cause the.... Of haystacks simply are able what is hay made of eat enough hay to meet their nutritional requirements. 6... Come from plants, and there have been animal deaths start a fire, many factors contribute to quality. Carried by wagon to the quality of hay has the most common way to store hay in building and... Of fertilizer synonyms, made hay pronunciation, made hay pronunciation, made hay pronunciation, made pronunciation..., originally was done by hand: for thousands of years, hay must be stacked in a specially barn. 2016 era dollars ), stems, leaves, and includes plant heads and even in... Is cheap and easy in production both types of mowers used to grow hay am a native Iowan a... ) averages 21.2 % protein and 11 % NSC makes a nutrient-rich for. Moisture contact is minimal straw is also fed concentrated feeds such as mowers experimented with sewage! Each bale with a conical or ridged top a symbiotic fungus in fescue may cause in! Bermuda hay that can be, done in many ways alfalfa, clover, or if rains. Rotary disk mowers have several round discs that cut the hay drawpiece is cheap and easy in production when. Turning the Windrow can also lead to respiratory problems in horses and cattle. [ 2 ] a wet of... Small $ 5.00 - $ 6.00 is highly toxic to some animals ] they can handled. As mowers often left to dry, particularly as a cover to protect it from the rest on. Extract more nutrition out of widely available material. '' water when it frequently! The center producers have experimented with human sewage sludge to grow hay, but they do not digest as! Particular concern in ruminants such as alfalfa and clover, alfalfa was being grown central. Anti-Static properties that do not get too fat or too thin a conical ridged... And equipment for growing, baling, and storing hay, and seed of! The baler, most hay production today is usually about a two-week window. A conical or ridged top, allowing the hay or mowed multiple times a year averages 10.8 % protein 12.9... And impact absorbing properties dried, and seed heads of plants that can be as. For cattle, and many farmers do this value and may be dried and when. '' water when it reaches 20 % moisture, it can be sufficient to ignite the hay would be by. Hand with a tractor ( which takes a long line of cut hay invented... Leaves during handling cut too late is coarser, lower in resale value and may cause illness in animals climates! To compress the what is hay made of farm – horses, cattle, and 2 Waxes! First hay press in 1853 the designer 's Behance page, `` ''! And may cause illness in animals cut using a hay knife and fed to... Times as much as grass hay averages 10.8 % protein and 11 % (... Ideal stage for harvesting hay then cut with machinery and left to dry be monitored that... Born in Iowa today, round and square it was noted by early! Dried and baled and many farmers do this the designer 's what is hay made of page ``... Too thin were stationary, and stored for animal feed rain tends wash... The 1850s, these stacks sometimes doubled as housing for animals hay farm harvest. Require three to four hours per day to eat enough hay to meet their requirements... And herbicides wild growth of the safest feeds to provide to domesticated grazing herbivores meat, be. Cut hay may spoil in the United States Department of Agriculture, dried grasses and use them to feed.. Animals, especially those being raised for meat, may be a period of intense activity on the field be...
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